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Everything You Wanted To Know About Estate & Gift Taxes

Everything You Wanted To Know About Estate & Gift Taxes

The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) recently announced that the estate and gift tax exemption is increasing in 2024 to $13.61 million per person, up from $12.92 million in 2023.

The IRS also confirmed that the annual gift exclusion amount is increasing from $17,000 per person in 2023 to $18,000 per person in 2024.

Read more: IRS Rev. Proc. 2023-34

Okay great, you might be saying to yourself. But what does that mean, and why does it matter?

Great questions.

There are a lot of misconceptions about estate taxes and gift taxes — often referred to as “death taxes.” What they are, who has to pay them, how to avoid them.

This article is my attempt to demystify the topic for you and to help you figure out how these tax changes could affect your estate plan.

IRS Increases 2020 Estate Tax Exemption

IRS Increases 2020 Estate Tax Exemption

The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) just announced that the estate and gift tax exemption for 2020 is increasing to $11.58 million per person — up from $11.40 million in 2019.

If you are like most people, you are probably asking, “What does that actually mean?”

What is the Estate & Gift Tax Exemption?

As I explained in the summary of estate and gift taxes I wrote last year:

The estate tax is a federal tax imposed on estates over a certain value. That “certain value” is known as the “estate tax exemption” or “combined estate and gift tax exemption” or “unified credit” or a dozen other names.

The main thing to know is this: if an estate is worth more than the estate tax exemption amount, the value over the exemption will be taxed. If the estate is worth less than the exemption amount, no tax liability.

So the increase announced yesterday by the IRS means that if an estate is created (i.e., if a person dies) in 2020, there will be no estate tax imposed if the estate is worth less than $11.58 million. And thanks to estate tax portability, a married couple can now shield double that amount, $23.16 million, from estate taxes in 2020.

This is How Much You Will Pay in Taxes in 2019

This is How Much You Will Pay in Taxes in 2019

Interesting fact: many tax provisions are indexed for inflation.

Okay, I may have a loose definition of “interesting.” But the fact is still true. And inflation indexing is actually a really important thing when it comes to taxes.

The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) recently made several announcements regarding the 2019 tax year, including the updated estate and gift tax exemption.

Also included in the announcements were annual inflation adjustments for over 60 tax code provisions for 2019: tax rate schedules, standard deductions, cost-of-living adjustments, and more.

In the spirit of Christmas, I thought I would explain what these inflation announcements are and what they mean to you. After all, nothing says “Merry Christmas” like taxes.

Important note: Keep in mind that the numbers discussed in this post are for the tax year beginning January 1, 2019. These are not the numbers you will use to prepare your 2018 tax returns which will be filed in April 2019 (you can find that information here). This is the information you will need for your 2019 tax returns in 2020.**

A Brief History of the Federal Estate Tax

A Brief History of the Federal Estate Tax

It has been called an inheritance tax, a transfer tax, and a wealth tax. However, the estate tax, as it is presently called, dates back to Egypt in 700 B.C., and it was brought to the world stage by the Roman Empire nearly 2,000 years ago, when Emperor Caesar Augustus imposed the Vicesina Hereditatatium. But for our purposes, we are going to fast forward a few millennia.

The Estate Tax in America

The estate tax has been a part of our country's culture and laws since almost the beginning. The first federal "estate" tax was passed by the 5th Congress in 1797 to pay for a naval build-up in anticipation of a possible war with France. It was then called “An Act Laying Duties on Stamped Vellum, Parchment, and Paper” and required payment of 25 cents on distributions by estates of between $50 and $100; 50 cents on the next $500; and $1 on each additional $500. When a treaty with France was signed to avoid the war, the tax was repealed in 1802.