health care

What's the Difference Between a Will and a Living Will?

What's the Difference Between a Will and a Living Will?

Lawyers love to be confusing.

We use insane-sounding words from Latin and Greek and some other languages that I’m pretty sure are completely made up.

Words such as testator, force majeure, per stirpes, and inter vivos.

Our words are so weird, we have to italicize them.

So I’m not surprised when someone asks me whether a Last Will and Testament and a Living Will are the same thing.

After all, both documents have “Will” in their names, right? It would only be reasonable to think that they are similar.

But they are not similar. They are very, very different.

So I’m going to cut through the legal jargon and explain the differences between Wills and Living Wills — and help you decide which one might be best for you.

Last Will and Testament vs. Living Will

Before diving into specifics, it’s first helpful to know how to define estate planning:

An estate plan ensures (1) that the right people are able to care for your SELF in the event you become incapacitated and (2) that the right people are able to get your STUFF in the event of your death.

Every estate planning tool fits into one of those two categories, and a good estate plan should address both areas of focus.

And as luck would have it, I will be discussing both categories in this post.

Coronavirus: Why You Need a Power of Attorney

Coronavirus: Why You Need a Power of Attorney

Unless you have been living in a bubble (which might actually be a good idea), you have heard about the novel Coronavirus, or COVID-19, which the World Health Organization has declared to be a pandemic.

It’s a scary time in the world, and this article isn’t intended to make things scarier.

On the contrary.

My goal is to help you get some peace of mind. Because even though this health crisis has left many of us feeling helpless, there are a few simple — yet incredibly important — legal tools that can make a HUGE difference for you and your loved ones.

Estate Planning Matters Now More Than Ever

Coronavirus is not an ordinary virus.

It can ultimately cause respiratory failure, requiring patients to be intubated and put on a ventilator. (You know, that thing hospitals are running low on?)

For many, that’s the most frightening aspect of this pandemic: it can cause temporary or permanent incapacity, i.e., the inability to care for or make decisions for yourself.

Medicare vs. Medicaid

Medicare vs. Medicaid

I am a lawyer, not a healthcare professional.

I mean, I did alright in chemistry, but I also don’t know my own blood type. So I am usually not the best person to ask about health-related issues. Nevertheless, I get the same question about once a week:

“What’s the difference between Medicare and Medicaid?”

Healthcare is confusing even under ordinary circumstances. But navigating federal programs like Medicare and Medicaid can feel overwhelming. Surprisingly, though, estate planning and other legal techniques can help with the process. (I will discuss some of those techniques in a forthcoming article.)

For now, however, let’s answer the question posed above and begin with a brief rundown of the differences between these two programs.

What is Medicare?

Medicare is a health insurance program administered by the federal government through the Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). It primarily serves people over 65, regardless of income, but it is also available to younger individuals with certain disabilities or illnesses.

What is an Advance Directive for Health Care?

What is an Advance Directive for Health Care?

Estate planning is meant to give you peace of mind. Knowing your assets will go to the proper people is important. But equally (if not more) important is knowing that the proper people will be able to take care of you when you cannot do so yourself. Therefore, one of the most indispensable parts of your estate plan is the Advance Directive for Health Care.

We have previously written about advance directives in greater detail, but, to summarize, the document is made up of three parts: (1) a living will, (2) health care proxy appointment, and (3) anatomical gifts.

Durable Powers of Attorney: Explained

Durable Powers of Attorney: Explained

Kanye West once said that no one man should have all that power. Fortunately for 'Ye, one man doesn't have to have all that power if he has an essential estate planning document called a Durable Power* of Attorney. (*This was most likely the "power" Kanye was referring to in his hit song, "Power".)

What does a power of attorney do?

Generally speaking, a power of attorney gives someone (your "attorney-in-fact") the ability to act for you in financial and/or medical situations. In other words, one man doesn't have to have all that power — he can share it with someone else. This authority can be limited in scope, e.g., a single real estate transaction; or it can be broad, e.g., any and all healthcare and financial decisions.